Introduction -- Electrical energy supply in 100 % IBPS -- Electrical quantities, state-space modelling and system properties -- Synchronization of VSCs to the grid -- Grid-side characteristics and V/I-control of VSCs -- Enhanced grid fault characteristics of VSCs -- Grid fault modelling -- Model-based protection algorithm -- Validation of the MBP by laboratory tests -- Model-based protection scenarios in 100 % IBPS -- Conclusion and research perspectives -- Literature.

Open Access

In this Open-Access book, voltage source converters (VSCs) as key components of sustainable energy systems based on wind power plants, photovoltaic power plants, battery energy systems, electric vehicles and heat pumps are investigated. In the future, 100% inverter-based power systems (IBPS) will arise. Protective systems against grid faults are a substantial part of electrical grids. They prevent danger to living beings and damage to technical equipment caused by grid faults. The control algorithms of VSCs and protection algorithms must collaborate in future grids. Otherwise, the reliability of energy supply is at risk. Today, control and protection are often regarded independently of each other. In this book, they are investigated mutually. The resilience of the system against grid faults is increased by using flexibility options of VSCs. A universal protection algorithm, which does not restrict these flexibility options, is developed. In this book, post-fault characteristics of VSCs, neutral point treatment and resonant grounding via VSCs and a model-based protection algorithm are presented. The sustainable and reliable energy supply is an essential cornerstone of human societies. This book is pointing out a holistic approach for the control and protection of 100% IBPS contributes along this way. About the author Dr.-Ing. Florian Mahr is working as a Lead Engineer – Modelling, Control and Simulation. He is part of an international research project developing multi-terminal multi-vendor bipolar HVDC systems.

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