1. The social representation about the body, the skin and the skin diseases from the Indigenous thinking.- 2. A brief history of the Indigenous people of South American.- 3. A brief history of the Xingu National Park, Central Brazil.- 4. Elementary skin lesions in the dermatological medical examination.- 5. Infectious diseases.- 5.1. Fungal diseases -- 5.1.1. Dermatophytosis and Granuloma trichophyticum -- 5.1.2. Paronychia -- 5.1.3. Pityriasis versicolor -- 5.1.4. Tinea imbricate -- 5.1.5. Black piedra -- 5.1.6. Lobomycosis -- 5.1.7. Chromoblastomycosis -- 5.1.8. Mycetoma -- 5.2. Bacterial diseases -- 5.2.1. Impetigo -- 5.2.2. Bacterial folliculitis -- 5.2.3. Erisypela and Cellulitis -- 5.2.4. Furunculosis and Abscess -- 5.2.5. Cutaneous Mycobacteriosis -- 5.3. Virus diseases -- 5.3.1. Warts -- 5.3.2. Focal epithelial hyperplasia -- 5.3.3. Condyloma acuminatum -- 5.3.4. Moluscum contagiosum -- 5.3.5. Herpes simplex -- 5.3.6. Herpes zoster -- 5.4. Parasitic diseases -- 5.4.1. Scabiosis -- 5.4.2. Pediculosis -- 5.4.3. Larva migrans cutaneous -- 5.4.4. Tungiaisis -- 5.4.5. Leishmaniasis.- 6. Inflammatory diseases.- 6.1. Pityriasis alba -- 6.2. Eczematids -- 6.3. Miliaria -- 6.4. Contact dermatitis -- 6.5. Seborrheic dermatitis -- 6.6. Neurodermatitis -- 6.7. Psoriasis -- 6.8. Prurigo -- 6.9. Urticaria -- 6.10. Fixed drug eruption.- 7. Neoplastic diseases -- 7.1. Seborrheic keratosis -- 7.2. Melanocytic naevi -- 7.3. Mucous cysts -- 7.4. Pigmented basocellular carcinoma -- 7.5. Spinocellular carcinoma.- 8. Genetic diseases.- 8.1. Epidermolysis bullosa -- 8.2. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.- 9. Miscellaneous diseases.- 9.1. Hypertrophic scars and Keloids -- 9.2. Lichen striatus -- 9.3. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (“wild fire”) -- 9.4. Geographic tongue -- 9.5. Fox-Fordyce disease -- 9.6. Hydroa vacciniforme.

Skin diseases are highly prevalent among indigenous people, leading to low mortality but greatly impacting their quality of life. Such diseases can be observed in indigenous people; both those living in isolated communities and those who have since been urbanized to some degree share a common characteristic of presenting different clinical patterns than non-indigenous individuals. These specificities necessitate a special approach when diagnosing dermatologic diseases in indigenous people. However, these considerations are rarely discussed in standard dermatology books.  This Atlas addresses that gap by providing specific materials for professionals involved in the health of indigenous people, especially with those who live either alone or in remote areas. It offers a comprehensive overview of the most common skin diseases in specific tribes, providing a full clinical guide on the dermatologic signs and symptoms in these individuals. Additionally, the book complements the clinical standpoint with an anthropologic perspective, examining the impact of dermatologic diseases in indigenous people and the different meaning of these diseases in their lives. Most of the material presented in this Atlas was collected in the Xingu Program, a project created in 1965 by the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, and devoted to providing medical care to indigenous people from the Upper Xingu region, in the heart of the Amazon rainforest. Thus, the content is primarily applicable to South American indigenous people. However, the common characteristics of the isolation and non-urbanization of these communities, as well as the anthropologic perspective adopted here, allow the content to be extrapolated to other indigenous peoples worldwide. This Atlas will be a novel and valuable resource for health professionals who work with indigenous peoples, especially in geographic areas where dermatologists are not always readily available.

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